Chapter 35

Introduction to Plants

Kingdom Plantae

From seed to seed

The life of a flowering plant

Alternation of Generations

Gametophyte (haploid)
Sporophyte (diploid)

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The plant embryo

The plant body

Composed of three organ types

Shoot system

Root system

Growth

Development

Seed coats

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Meristems

Mature sporophyte develop from seedlings

Hierarchy of structures in a mature plant

Primary Growth

Primary Tissues

Secondary Growth

Major groups of Angiosperms

Eudicots

Monocots

Root system adaptations

Major functions

Eudicots

Taproots

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Monocots

fibrous roots

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Three zones of root growth

  1. Region of cell division
    • RAM and root cap
    • RAM contains cells that ar dividing
    • Quiescent center keeps nearby cells undifferentiated
    • Root cap embedded in mucigel
      • Mucigel is a slimy substance that covers the root cap of the roots of plants.
  2. Region of elongation
    • cells extend by uptake of water
  3. Region of maturation
    • root cell differentiation  and tissue specialization
    • identified by presence of root hair
      • water and mineral uptake

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Root Internal Structure

Eudicot root

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Monocot Root

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The shoot system

Stem and leaf adaptations

Shoots are modular with 4 parts

  1. Stem node
    • leaves or branches emerge
  2. Internode
    • stem between adjacent nodes
    • elongation
  3. Leaf
  4. Axillary Meristem
    • generate axillary buds
    • can produce flowers or branches 
      • Lateral shoots
    • New branches bear SAM at their tips

Shoot Tip

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Leaf anatomy

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Leaf adaptation

Leaf venation

Eudicot

Monocot

Stem

Primary growth

Eudicot Stem

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Lateral Meristems

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Monocot stem

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Comparison between Plant types

Leaves

Eudicot

Monocot

Roots

Eudicot

Monocot

Stems

Eudicot

Monocot

Primary Growth

Secondary Growth

Screenshot-from-2019-02-26-21-58-07.pngScreenshot-from-2019-02-26-21-57-55.png

 


Revision #9
Created 29 January 2019 19:34:57 by Aaron Kimbrell
Updated 1 April 2019 05:09:42 by Aaron Kimbrell